Because the island of Hong Kong have been under British political and cultural influence for over a century, its return to China faces a dilemma of culture. The all-encompassing Dynastic Cycle is a generic model depicting the rise and fall of the Imperial Chinese dynasties (depicted below). The Oxford History of the British Empire: Vol III: The Nineteenth Century. Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi) Opium War (1839-42)7. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. Can Confucianism be considered a religion? Wealthy Chinese were also avid consumersof British-made gold, silver and jewellery. Chinese towns and cities had numerous opium dens, where thousands of menlingered and spent their days in a drug-induced stupor. An important aspect of this second story is that the territory in dispute was inhabited by non-Han peoples. From the 18th century, Europeans steadily increased their presence and influence in China, not without opposition. With superior military technology, the British easily defeated the Chinese and forced a humiliating treaty upon them. What is the name for providing spellings that show how to pronounce a foreign language term, NOT meaning? Oxford Bibliographies Online is available by subscription and perpetual access to institutions. Cohen 1997 is an excellent history of an important specific episode (the Boxer Uprising) but is also invaluable for its discussion of historiography more broadly. Which of the following led to the Song Dynasty's economic success? impact of imperialism in china. From 220 CE to 581 CE, China was divided, waiting to be united again. For more info, visit Alpha History or our Terms of Use. Lin approaches the topic of restricting opium in a respectful but assertive tone. Due to a lot of infighting between the warlords in China, China was not a strong nation. This was because British trade companies stood to make significant profit off of buying goods from China, such as tea, silk, and porcelain, then selling those goods at a higher price to others. Sign up to highlight and take notes. Starting in the early 13th century, the Mongols under Genghis Khan began invading China and would conquer it entirely by 1279. For greater detail, by some of the leading experts on various topics, the volumes of The Cambridge History of China (Twitchett and Fairbank 19782009) are essential sources. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 19782009. China was struggling in this time, and many western powers were trying to take advantage of this opportunity to turn a profit. Which of the following were true regarding the Song dynasty? This book explains the strategic economic position of Hong Kong in relation to imperial global commerce. Because, the British were trading opium with China, it threatened China's trade balance. It also focuses on the socialadaptationsof ethnic Hong Kong citizens. An error occurred trying to load this video. The west sold opium to the Chinese, getting millions of people addicted to it. Many Asian Countries put the Unequal Treaties into effect. This section focuses on the topic of British Imperialism in China from a British perspective. Financial Panic of 1873 | Summary, Causes & Effects, Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan | History, Culture & Unification, Independence Movements in Latin America | Examples & Impact. Although the description of each event is brief, it is an excellent starting point for understanding the historical significance of the period. The Effects of European and American Imperialism on China There were several effect of imperialism in China. Once the hobbyof emperors and rich men, opium smoking soon flourished. During the Han Dynasty, Confucianism became the official state religion, and the Silk Road was established across Eurasia, globalizing the ancient world. Cambridge, MA: Belknap, 1992. What did Confucius say to his students when he returned from seeing Lao-Tzu? Grown in the British colony of India, and exported to China by the East India Company, opium quickly became a much-desired product. Essential reading. With the official prohibition of opium in 1836 in China, the Qing government launched a campaign to confiscate all foreign imported opium in Canton. Toward the end of the 18th century, British ships began importing a more controversialitem into China. First published in Chinese in 1948. Kublai Khan sent hundreds of thousands of Mongol, Chinese, and Korean soldiers to war in two invasions of Japan, an invasion of Indonesia, and multiple invasions of Southeast Asia. 13 (Republican China 19121949, Part 2), 1986. The Spanish - American War caused many long- term effects such as debates on the idea of imperialism, the ownership of colonies, and with how colonies reacted to . First western institute of higher education in Hong Kong, Hong Kong returns as territory of the Peoples Republic of China, Historical Memory of 19th century Imperialism. But instability followed the spread of opium addiction. Again, the origins lay well before the 19th century, and again significant military action was importantin this case, led by Zuo Zongtang on behalf of the Qing dynasty. Beijing: Renmin Chubanshe, 2001. Furthermore, Baumgart also explains the competitive nature of nationalism amongst fellow European imperialist nations. For example, Russia had a sphere of influence in the northern province of Manchuria, where they were granted the right to build railroads. This Research Guide is divided into four main components. Fig. The Negative Effects Of Imperialism In China Imperialism was bad for China. However, Britain did not possess sufficient silver to trade with the Qing Empire. Underlying beliefs in Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism within culture and politics. Publisher: Alpha History Lin Zexu is revered as a Chinese national hero for standing up against imperialist powers and burning over a million kilograms of illegal British opium. It was officially called the 'Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Commerce between Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland and the Emperor of China' but is commonly known as the Treaty of Nanking. The Search For Modern China: A Documentary Collection. You know, 'If you give me your G.I. Japanese soldiers murdered and raped Chinese citizens perpetrating one of the worst events in Asian history. That is somewhat like the situation China was in throughout the 17th-19th centuries. It would lead to social degradation, deteriorating relations and, eventually, war. 2001. This foreign imperialism in China would become a notable source of nationalist and revolutionary sentiment. Next Continued growth and expansion to sustain the empire. Imperialism in China had a negative effect on both the economy and the well being of the chinese population through uprisings (public instability), opium, and trade disadvantages for the Chinese. Meanwhile, the Qing regime seemed utterly unable to prevent or resist this process. Lastly, the map below details the Ming Dynasty, the latest and last Medieval dynasty in Imperial China. Effects of Imperialism in China For every imperialistic effort of Dynastical China, other rising forces were waiting to match its might. Quotes widely from both Chinese and Western sources. That kind of thing. Imperial China hosted many dynasties across at least 3,500 years, from the ancient and mythical Xia Dynasty to the Manchurian-ruled Qing Dynasty. A second Opium War began in 1856 after Britain tried leveringQing officials into even more concessions, including the legalisation of opium. High School World History: Help and Review, High School World History: Homework Help Resource, SAT Subject Test World History: Practice and Study Guide, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Test Prep & Practice, AP European History: Homework Help Resource, High School US History: Homework Help Resource, High School US History: Tutoring Solution, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Tutoring Solution, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Help and Review, UExcel World Conflicts Since 1900: Study Guide & Test Prep, Western Civilization 1648 to the Present: Help and Review, American History Since 1865: Tutoring Solution, Create an account to start this course today. . On the other hand, the anti-Marxists, represented by Joseph Schumpeter, argues that imperialism was a result of a objectless national affinity to expand. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. The two major exceptions to this trend are Russia and Japan, who took control of large parts of China. The sources here examine the cultural and political footprint of the British in this region. Over the next three centuries, Britain, France, Spain, Holland and Portugal established colonies and trade links in Asia. A detailed history of Chinas economic relations with the imperial powers from the First Opium War to the eve of the Sino-Japanese War, based on extensive Western sources and even more exhaustive Chinese sources, including numerous difang zhi (, local gazeteers). The Chinese Qing government recognized the harm opium was causing and numerous times attempted to ban opium trade. British companies purchased vast amounts of Chinese tea, as well as luxuries like silks, porcelain and other decorative items. The primary motive of British imperialism in China in the nineteenth century was economic. In fact, Portugal paid rent to access this city. Qing leaders understood the social and economic dangers posed by opium. Two things happened in the eighteenth century that made it difficult for England to balance its trade with the East. Sets trade and investment issues in the broader political and cultural history. European interest in China dates back to Marco Polo, the Venetian explorer who completed two expeditions to China in the late 1200s. Copyright: The content on this page may not be republished without our express permission. The reason for the comparison is based on the influence and activities of the West in . Philosophy focused on the individual within society, emphasizing the individual need to live ethical lives in pursuit of moral good. Geographically, Imperial China was located in East Asia, accessing the Chinese seas to the east and south, giving way to the Pacific Ocean. In order to balance the demand for Chinese goods, the British East India Company, its most powerful trade corporation, began to grow opium in India for sale in China. The Honourable Company: A History of the English East India Company. The link was not copied. A collection of selections from Cohens lifetime of careful scholarship. In addition, restrictions on Christianity were removed and foreigners were permitted to travel freely around China. On the one hand, Marxists such as Lenin and Hobson, describes imperialism as a opportunistic extension of capitalism.



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