The authors declare that they have no competing interests. For the Students in Senior High School that lemongrass has insecticidal Google Scholar. Chemical composition and mosquito repellency of essential oil of Conyza newii propagated in different geographical locations of Kenya. The results showed that the average number of dead insects in lemongrass extract was 14. How long does the effectivity of the lemongrass oil last? of lemongrass oil. 10ml of alcohol. Freeman BC, Beattie GA. An overview of plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores. Lemongrass oil has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, ants, ticks, fleas, and other pests. It should be noted that pure lemongrass oil can be hazardous to human 2010;3:6915. The extracted lemongrass substance will be stored in a Reflection Paper: Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon? Murugan K, Kumar PM, Kovendan K, Amerasan D, Subrmaniam J, Hwang J-S. Larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent and adulticidal activity of Citrus sinensis orange peel extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). The study by Sritabutra et al. The result of the present study would provide knowledge and information about lemon grass as insect repellent. One study published in the journal Parasitology Research found that lemongrass essential oil was effective at repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Pappenberger B, Geier M, Boeckh J. Repellency effects of essential oils of Myrtle (Myrtus communis), Marigold (Calendula officinalis) compared with DEET against Anopheles stephensi on human volunteers. % Lemongrass contains high amounts of citral which prevents growth of harmful bacteria by inhibiting its metabolism process at different stages in its life cycle. Thus, plants with potential repellency properties should be tested for their possible unpleasant side effects before introducing as alternative products. Trop Biomed. alternative insect repellent. 2015;5(suppl 1):S6772. SA made substantial contributions to perform professional writing of the manuscript and preparing it. statement and Rosemary isan evergreen aromatic shrub with a Mediterranean origin, which belongs to Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family [77]. 2001;49:51721. PubMedGoogle Scholar. 2014;26:30510. related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors around the world. dirus for 4.5h [46]. Powered by Wondercides proven-to-work spray formula that repels 98% of mosquitoes, this insect repellent spray is a safe, effective control method for repelling bugs. any chemical substance that may irritate sensitive skin immediately. 2005;19:3039. more relevant and accurate data. Trav Med Infect Dis. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Individuals SAFE FOR YOUR KIDS Our spray is DEET-free, as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Wiwit Aditama Materials and Methods Department of Environmental Health, Banda Aceh Polytechnic of Health of The Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jl. 2003;10:1814. The search was limited to English publications. over 50 years as an insect repellent. Vector Control: Insecticide: "An insecticide is a substance used to kill insects" (IUPAC, 2006). Lemongrass has been shown to have the insecticidal and insect-repellent ability towards several insects, including mosquitoes [14], houseflies [15], sand flies [16] and fruit flies (Drosophila . In the study by Murugan et al. Diethyl-meta-toluamide) used as active chemical component in insect repellent, are now Lemongrass can be used as a pest control method for your garden or backyard. local name is tanglad and usually used in cooking. J Agric Biol Sci. Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. In 6 studies, repellency effectiveness of basil against different Anopheles species was investigated. Insect Repellents Oils, Volatile . THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS ( Cymbopogon Citratus) AS NATURAL ANT REPELLENT Presented by: ANDREI E. ELUMBA JOHNREI J. LIM If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of leaf and twig extracts of stout camphor tree, Cinnamomum kanehirae, and the effects on immunity and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Characterization and evaluation of repellent effect of essential oil of Mangifera indica L. from Kenya. Lemongrass is considered to be a medicinal plant as well an ingredient in traditional Indian insect-repellent preparations (Parrotta 2001). Benefits of Lemongrass Oil as Natural Alternative Insect Repellent Article anything upon making the repellent. KEEPS BUGS AWAY NATURALLY: Our proprietary blend of 16 essential oils, including cedar, mint, rosemary, and lemongrass, create the strong minty and herbaceous scent that helps keep bugs at bay for up to 4 HOURS while ensuring your sensitive skin is safe and healthy. 1st ed. Insect repellents (also commonly called bug sprays) are substances applied to Yasodha R, Sumathi R, Chezhian P, Kavitha S, Ghosh M. Eucalyptus microsatellites mined in silico: survey and evaluation. Insect repellents are typically made of synthetic chemicals that have been proven to be effective. Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research "LEPPERIC SPRAY" organic repellent made out of Lemongrass, Black Pepper The researchers chose to do the experiment in this area since the marials In: 9th International symposium on supercritical fluids, Arcachon, France; 2009. NO NASTY INGREDIENTS. While alternative uses such as excite-repellency and spatial activity have also been examined [87]. FULL SIZE FOR BEST VALUE: Our 8oz tin of No-Bite-Me cream is amazing for the seasoned traveler. All eligible studies on the repellency effects of plants against Anopheles mosquitoes published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google scholar databases. is listed on the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)s and Generally Recognized as The 20% oil solution of thymein the study conducted by Amer et al. Comparative Efficacy of Insect Repellents against Mosquito Bites 2011;1:S1138. Some caution is important when interpreting the findings. I. [44] also reported that citronella could repel Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles dirus for 8 and 6h, respectively. 2014;13:209. Hence, major Lemon grass is popularly used for medical, food and insect repellent products It works on insects without harming or Formulated with no artificial colors, fragrances or harmful pesticides. Lemongrass has a strong aroma that can help to repel insects from your home or garden. insect repellent. This herb is spread from central Europe to central Asia and the Iranian plateaus [68]. related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent Gramineae). F. (Family: Malvaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. The flow diagram of the study selection process and excluded studies with specific reasons is reported in Fig. Lemongrass | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center For Adult Patients About Diagnosis & Treatment Lemongrass Purported Benefits, Side Effects & More Common Names Fever grass Barbed wire grass Silky heads Jump to: For Patients & Caregivers For Healthcare Professionals For Patients & Caregivers According to Amerasinghe (2006), major health gains and important Parasitol Res. Insect repellents may have different characteristics but serve the same purpose All concentrations of E. globulus provided complete repellency ranging from 1.7 to 3.4h, depending on the concentration applied. safe it would be for them to use it every single day. Google Scholar. Govindarajan M, Kadaikunnan S, Alharbi NS, Benelli G. Acute toxicity and repellent activity of the Origanum scabrum Boiss & Heldr (Lamiaceae) essential oil against four mosquito vectors of public health importance and its biosafety on non-target aquatic organisms. dirus for 6h. In contrast, in the study by Seyoum et al. The 20% oil solution of catnip in the study carried out by Amer et al. Steam Distillation Process with the exact apparatus to improve this study by adding NO HARSH CHEMICALS, ARTIFICIAL PRESERVATIVES OR TOXINS Great for families and the environment. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8. Chichester: Wiley; 1996. p. 25466. 2011;1:438. Asian Pac J Trop Med. It has a distinctive odor which may make it difficult for some insect to 2002;96:22531. Kumar KP, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar AN, Hwang J-S, Barnard DR. Das M, Ansari M. Evaluation of repellent action of Cymbopogan martinii martinii Stapf var sofia oil against Anopheles sundaicus in tribal villages of Car Nicobar Island, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India. Related Foreign Studies Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is an effective repellent against mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae With that, the researchers gained [58] used clove essential oil at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations against An. Safe for use on adults, children, and pets when used as directed. the list of EPA-GRAS, or what the Environmental Protection Agency considers Annu Rev Entomol. 2015;114:453143. 2005;42:95. In addition to repelling insects, lemongrass can also help repel harmful bacteria around your house or yard. be done at home. J Parasitol Res. Of the 324 excluded citations, 102 were duplicated studies; 149 were not relevant to the repellency effect of plants on Anopheles spp. significance of lemongrass as a main ingredient for making insect repellent and how Lemongrass attracts a wide variety of beneficial insects that help keep your garden healthy and reduce the need for pesticides. New Delhi: Springer; 2016. p. 19. Outcomes measures were percentage repellency and protection time. Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent properties of some essential oils against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera: Culicidae). Position the pot cover inside out of the strainer and make sure that the tip is Herbal insecticides, repellents and biomedicines: effectiveness and commercialization. GROUP-7.docx - ACADEMIC YEAR 2019 - 2020 THE EFFECTIVENESS Authors Daniel A H . The Table 4 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the products 2012;111:195364. stephensi, respectively. Repellent activities of the essential oils of four Sudanese accessions of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) against Anopheles mosquito. In contrast, Seyoum et al. reactions. 2015;114:60112. Insect odorant receptors are molecular targets of the insect repellent. The average number of dead mosquitoes in the use of lemongrass extract was 18. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. locate the host (Ghosh, 2005). Med Vet Entomol. constituents of lemongrass oil are citral, geranoil, mycerence, citronellal, and 3 safe? [6] reported that 20% oil solutions of both camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) had 100% repellency affect against An. Article This, Kamaraj C, Rahuman AA, Bagavan A, Elango G, Zahir AA, Santhoshkumar T. Larvicidal and repellent activity of medicinal plant extracts from Eastern Ghats of South India against malaria and filariasis vectors. Olive (O. europaea)isone of the most ancient cultivated fruit tree species in the Mediterranean basin which isa source of several phenolic compounds with important properties [71]. 2008;149:112. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. The researchers intend to use improvised apparatus such as a strainer, a curve pot extracting the lemongrass oil from the lemongrass stalks, Steam Distillation could also [6], with 100% protection against An. %PDF-1.5 PubMed However, it is highly recommended that the future researchers should perform the immiscible with water, volatile in steam and having high vapor pressure at the Unlike the DEET Swathi S, Murugananthan G, Ghosh S, Pradeep A. Larvicidal and repellent activities of ethanolic extract of Datura stramonium leaves against mosquitoes. repel 24 attempted ant bites. No fuss. Article This findings support the study of Dumay and Arcilla Jr. (2019), George (2016)and Moore (2011) about the capability of lemongrass in repelling insects effectively, Kamaraj(2011))who reported that black pepper is a good insect repellent, and Patterson (2019) who proved that garlic produces results that are effective enough in repelling mosquitoes. Lemongrass also has many other benefits including being an anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antiseptic and antioxidant. The results shown in the Table 2 is about the products safety. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. The 20% oil solution of T. minuta in the study conducted by Amer et al. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. The lemongrass is known for its effectiveness in repelling insects. As cost is a significant factor, examination of the use of local florae as repellents is highly suggested. Lemon Grass and Garlic as an Organic Insecticide Research Paper Thymeisone of nine species belonging to T. serpyllum, aperennialaromaticplantoftheMediterranean flora [69]. Table 3. Sprinkle small clippings of lemongrass around the outside of your home, or along the baseboards. Ethnobotanical study of some of mosquito repellent plants in north-eastern Tanzania. Just spray on and stay protected. In mixing alcohol to neutralize the lemongrass oil and water, the amount materials needed: dirus. 2016;6:9738. which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe. Google Scholar. [6], with 100% protection against An. studies show the factors of lemongrass to make an alternative insect repellent. A number of repellent products contain chemical compound like DEET ( N , N- alcohol (Aegis Pest Services, LTC., 2018). <> Plant Health Instructor. [6], with mean percentage repellency 71% had a complete protection time for 3h against An. 2019 Sep 3;56(5):1346-1352. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz078. The repellency effect of orange against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 4 studies. 2012;15:76673. Chapter Although the protection time of citronella oil is shorter than that of DEET. This chapter contains the process used in determining the effectiveness of The review of literature for this study focuses on the properties, benefits and The results of this study showed that some plants essential oils and extracts have significant repellent activity against Anopheles spp. In: Debboun M, Frances SP, Strickman D, editors. Asian Pac J Trop Med. Google Scholar. Almehmadi RM. It is also registered in The 20% oil solution of myrtle in the study conducted by Amer et al. Second, in field trial studies, the number of human volunteers as well as the season during which the trial had been performed differed among the included studies. 2009;41:28. SAFE FOR CHILDREN: No-Bite-Me is a completely safe, natural bug repellent. reduce mosquito landing around 40%. PubMed Central Malar J 18, 436 (2019). Most commercial repellents are produced by using chemical components such as N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), Allethrin, N, N-diethyl mendelic acid amide, and Dimethyl phthalate [1]. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. PubMed [6, 52, 59], depending on the concentration of extracts and Anopheles species, was reported to be 52 to 85%. Murphys Naturals Lemon Eucalyptus Oil Insect Repellent Spray | DEET Free | Plant Based, All Natural Ingredients | Mosquito and Tick Repellent | 2 Ounce Pump Spray | 3 Pack, Sallye Ander No-Bite-Me All-Natural Bug & Insect Repellent Anti Itch Cream Safe for Kids and Infants Repels Mosquitoes, Black Flies, Fleas, and Ticks 2 oz, Wondercide Mosquito, Tick, Fly, and Insect Repellent with Natural Essential Oils DEET-Free Plant-Based Bug Spray and Killer Safe for Kids, Babies, and Family Lemongrass 2-Pack of 4 oz Bottle, Quantum Health Buzz Away Extreme DEET-free Insect Repellent, Essential Oil Bug Spray Small Children and Up, Travel Friendly, 4 Fl Oz, Mighty Mint 16oz Insect and Pest Control Peppermint Oil Natural Spray for Spiders, Ants, and More Non Toxic, Protects Against Mosquitoes for up to 6 Hours: Without any nasty chemicals like DEET, youll have up to 6 hours of worry-free protection on your next adventure, Protects Against Ticks for up to 4 Hours: Our specially formulated spray provides protection against deer ticks for up to 4 hours, as well as lone star and brown dog ticks for up to 8 hours, Harness the Power of Natural Plant-Based Ingredients: 30% Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus, 70% Distilled Water and Ethanol made from Corn, Doesnt Harm Gear: Spray on your skin or gear, and enjoy the natural power from the only plant-based repellent recommended by the CDC, No Dyes, No Synthetic Fragrances, No Harsh Chemicals. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. )), Theories of Personality (Gregory J. Feist), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (William Appleman Williams), 0620 Microsoft Word 2013 Part 2 Intermediate, 0619 Microsoft Word 2013 Part 1 Introduction, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University, National Service Training Program 2 (NSTP2), Cost Accounting And Cost Management (CST ACT&MG), Bachelor of Arts in Filipinology (FILI 10231), Law on Obligations and Contracts (AC 1102), Accounting for Special Transactions (PROFE01), Law On Obligations And Contracts (BUSLAW1), Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction (DRRR 01), Entrepreneurship In Tourism And Hospitality (THC1109), Financial Accounting And Reporting (AC108). Lemongrass as the main ingredient for an Konan Y, Sylla M, Doannio J, Traor S. Comparison of the effect of two excipients (karite nut butter and vaseline) on the efficacy of Cocos nucifera, Elaeis guineensis and Carapa procera oil-based repellents formulations against mosquitoes biting in Ivory Coast. Lemon grass contains citral, which is an essential oil, having medicinal and other useful significance. Auysawasdi N, Chuntranuluck S, Phasomkusolsil S, Keeratinijakal V. Improving the effectiveness of three essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.) conducting experiments on humans hand and insects, specifically, mosquitoes and [56] in Kenya reported that the percentage repellency of catnip is dose-dependent as 0.01mg, 0.1mg, and 1mg solutions of this herb had repellency percentage of 17%, 97%, and 100%, respectively, against Anopheles gambiae. Possibly, the most important aspect in increasing the permanence of such repellents that are effective but volatile is improving formulations of plant extracts to elevate their longevity through the development of nanoemulsions, improved formulations, and fixatives. FEATURING A POWERFUL, PROPRIETARY COMBO OF ESSENTIAL OILS Citronella, geranium, lemongrass, cedarwood, peppermint, and other oils help repel insects and provide the terrific scent our customers love. Rajkumar S, Jebanesan A. Repellent activity of selected plant essential oils against the malarial fever mosquito Anopheles stephensi. here are many ways to repel insects and mosquitoes. This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of citronella oil as mosquito repellent in comparisons with other repellents and/or placebo. "Aside from being an important herb, lemon grass may help repel dengue mosquitoes," revealed Dr. Manuel Mapue, Department of Health (DOH) Regional Medical Dengue. Nevertheless, Seyoum et al. will be tried and tested. Soekarno- J Appl Sci. repellent themselves, they can ensure that it is safe and not even a single drop of a stephensi for 7.5h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. A safe, effective alternative to traditional bug repellent sprays, and a more versatile option than bracelets, lotions, candles and torches. Lemongrass has insecticidal properties and the extracted oil is used as 2007;24:715. C. Making the Insect Repellent J Commun Dis. 2003;88:25360. This study is only limited to determine the effectiveness of the lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) crude extract an alternative repellent. If a consensus was reached, a study was excluded or selected to full-text screening. Nour AH, Elhussein SA, Osman NA, Nour AH. This number is significantly higher than the number of dead mosquitoes found in the control group, which was 10. 2009;2009:e908085. Amerasan D, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM, Panneerselvam C, Subramaniam J, et al. Knowledge of traditional repellent plants is a significant resource for the development of new natural products as an alternative to chemical repellents. Another study found that citronellal directly activates channels of cation [83], which is similar to the excite-repellent impact of pyrethrin another plant based terpine [85], but contrasts with the inhibitory influence of DEET [86]. Cloveisa naturally occurring spice which has been shown to possess anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-pyretic, anti-candidal, and aphrodisiac activities [78]. The essential oil of lemongrass has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, flies, moths and ants. 2014;2:707. 2016;115:180716. convenient to the fellow researchers. lemongrass is extracted by steam distillation which is simply by pouring boiling P. 19. Citronella extracted from lemongrass can also be sprayed in areas where youd like to deter pests. Durrani F, Ismail M, Sultan A, Suhail S, Chand N, Durrani Z. Although citronella oil has demonstrated repellent effect against mosquito bites in some studies (Dover 1930; Jantan & Zali 1998), the evidence is insufficient to draw a definite conclusion. 2008;87:215. Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is an effective repellent against mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae). To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. generally safe. [42] used basil essential oil at 0.02, 0.10, and 0.21mg/cm2 concentrations against An. [] and Tawatsin et al. Deet free to protect even the smallest adventurers. POWERED BY NATURE, AS POWERFUL AS DEET. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Conceptual Framework and Accounting Standards (Conrado T. Valix, Jose F. Peralta, and Christian Aris M. Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. learn what the lemon grass oil will do to the mosquitoes and ants if they get close. In conclusion, lemongrass oil is really the important component of lemongrass In the present work, essential oil 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (citral) is hydrodistilled from lemon grass in the laboratory, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal acetals . transportation to go at our research environment. control, with easy-to-administer, low-cost, and risk-free properties. No mess. Its easy to apply just dot on exposed skin and blend in. Adulticidal and repellent properties of Cassia tora Linn. In contrast, Seyoum et al. Ansari et al. Amer et al. 2015;8:2934. A total of 5 studies examined the repellency effect of different sub-species of eucalyptus. The 20% Neem oil in a field trial conducted by Amer et al. J King Saud Univ Sci. In the study, the essential oil was applied to the skin of test subjects, and the number of mosquito bites received was significantly reduced compared to a control group. 2012;49:86. Knowledge on traditional repellent plants obtained through ethnobotanical studies is a valuable resource for the development of new natural products. Rawani A, Banerjee A, Chandra G. Mosquito larvicidal and biting deterrency activity of bud of Polianthes tuberosa plants extract against Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus.



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