Capitalize the Southern California region? When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. Home-buyers pay a 1.75% fee up . The word states would remain lower case if states is referred to in a general way, such as There are two senators for each state.. Southern United States, for example, is appropriate because it is located in a specific region. However, the forms bachelor's degree, bachelor's, master's degree and master's are acceptable as general terms. Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate general location or refer to the geography or climate of the region. Dont capitalize the word when it precedes the states name unless its included in a states title. For example, The hurricane move north towards the Gulf Coast. Be consistent (e.g., dont use south England in one part of a document and South England in another if youre referring to the same place). One reason partisans capitalize "White" or "Black" is to denote its importance in messages, even subliminally, magnified by lowercasing the "other." As always, we believe that labels can oversimplify, and that a specific description is better. A diathermal wall between two thermodynamic systems in thermodynamics allows heat transfer but does not allow for the transfer of matter across it. When using a U.S. geographic region as an adjective, the decision to capitalize or lowercase will depend on your style guide. (Cap or no cap on east and west). By convention, however, southern is capitalized when it refers to the region of California: I live in Southern California. The Chicago Manual of Style. Characteristics. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. How should "Northern Europe" be capitalized? Should north southeast and West be capitalized? The problem is, there doesn't appear to be a consensus. Capitalizing North, South, East, and West when theyre part of a proper noun (i.e., the name of a specific geographical region or culture). Not capitalizing when referring to a general direction. So the upshot of my answer is that you didn't miss the memo (or perhaps I should say The Memo) on this issue, but at the same time you didn't notice a larger phenomenon in accordance with which initial-capping Southern California is by no means a unique, inexplicable, or indefensible treatment of a regional name. Erin Wright, 20122023. Popular usage sets the rules for standard practice especially in the case of region names. However, a co-author argues that southern should not be capitalized, because it is an adjective, not a noun. Use the US Postal Services symbol system, which is a two-letter abbreviation that consists of a two-letter abbreviation in which both letters are capitalized and no periods are used when giving an address or in tables or other uses where space is limited. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Hi, Chris. The example you give is a generic direction used as an adjective (like the "east wing of the mansion" example in the post), so no capitalization is required. With the passage of time, some words originally derived from proper nouns have taken on a life, and authority, of their own and no longer require capitalization. As noted in the post, there's no need to capitalize generic directions (only when they're part of a proper noun). only if it's a proper name. Why Do Cross Country Runners Have Skinny Legs? Use capital letters in the following ways: The first words of a sentence When he tells a joke, he sometimes forgets the punch line. We always use a capital letter when we write the days of the week. So: North Carolina is north of South Carolina and east of West Virginia. Here are a few sentences with the word "region" in them: If part of a title or headline, the word "region" can be capitalized to conform to title capitalization rules. But you capitalize them when theyre specific regions or an integral part of a proper name. The same rules apply to capitalizing western as capitalizing west. For example, most people would capitalize South London because South London is a well-known part of a famous city. Capitalizing southern and capitalizing south have the same rules. Only when it's very apparent or writing the direction names in small letters looks completely off, capitalize them. You should always capitalize Westerner since it refers to a group of people who are proper nouns. Dont capitalize names of directions like north, south, east, and west when used to refer to direction and location, but do capitalize these words when they appear in the names of places and regions. For up-to-date guidance, see the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook. We also lowercase the terms when they refer to people: My friend is a southerner. PepsiCo, based in Purchase, New York, owns Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, and KFC, all of which have 29,000 locations, Money differs from other economic assets in that it is the most liquid asset available. (1) often capitalized: of or relating to any of various population groups having dark pigmentation of the skin (black Americans) (2) : of or relating to the African-American people or their culture (black literature) (a black college) (black pride) (black studies) From Merriam-Webster Dictionary Part of the definition for white Which sentence is capitalized correctly Carlotta? However, in certain pairings, the common noun appears after a name or proper noun for instance, "the Highlands Region". ANS: Demand, Copyright 2023 TipsFolder.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. Hi, Michael. Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate general location or refer to the geography or climate of the region. What is the rule for state abbreviations? The AP Stylebook the guiding stylebook for many news outlets, including The Daily Tar Heel advises against using the Oxford comma in most simple series. AP Style states that when referring to the names of a nation, directions should . The United Kingdom, for instance, is a region that comprises four countries: Scotland, England, Northern Ireland, and Wales. For example, Southern France is capitalized because it is a proper noun and . To know what other words you should capitalize, try our free title capitalization tool. If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law? MLA style follows The Chicago Manual of Style (8.47) for geographic terms. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. The official USPS postal abbreviation is this format. Most of the north is sandy, and the northern coast is mountainous. If youre referring to a collection of proper nouns, such as the Southern States, this is the case. Similarly, the European Union is an assortment of multiple countries. When to capitalize North East South West? Sallie Ward, a Southern belle. She moved from the East Coast to the West Coast. However, as in the case of plant names, animal names are not capitalized ("I spotted a red-tailed hawk," not "I spotted a Red-Tailed Hawk"), except when an element of the name is a proper noun, as in "Steller . Only a few signs of the zodiac are automatically capitalized (Capricorn, Gemini, Sagittarius, Taurus). Did any DOS compatibility layers exist for any UNIX-like systems before DOS started to become outmoded? Names of racial and ethnic groups are treated as proper nouns, which means they are capitalized (e.g., African American, Asian American, Black, European American, First Nations, Hispanic, Native American, Latinx, White). rev2023.3.3.43278. Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate direction or general location. When common nouns like party, river, and street are included in a proper name, capitalize them. Example: "War-weary ministers in London asked themselves why they fought a costly war in the [north] when they had friends in the Carolinas and Georgia.". But, generally, you only need to capitalize a direction in a place name if the direction is a standard part of the places name. They live in the western part of the country. But things become tricky once we get down to the details. Are seasons capitalized or not? When these words are included in the place name, however, they must be capitalized. The first letter of someone's first, middle, and last name is always capitalized, as in John William Smith . 8 What states in the US are consider southern states? He's one part content manager, one part writing ninja organizer, and two parts leader of top content creators. Once again, refer to your dictionary if your preferred style guide doesnt address this issue. In general, midwesterners are friendly and down to earth. Do you capitalize state when referring to a state? the Southern States the Eastern Seaboard Northern Ireland the Western Hemisphere Lorry Vs. Truck: Meaning And How To Use Each One, Turnip Vs. Radish: Meaning And Differences Of These Words. The word "southern" is not part of the official name of California or any city or county, so I never capitalize it. At 8.47 ("Popular place names or epithets"), CMOS notes that certain other regions and epithets receive initial caps as well. On a cloudless night, I studied Pisces, a constellation in the North sky. By convention, however, southern is capitalized when it refers to the region of California: We also lowercase the terms when they refer to people: Butsouthernerandnorthernerarecapitalized when they refer to people on either side of the civil war in the United States: The civil war was fought between Southerners and Northerners. For instance, the term "ecoregion" is used commonly in environmental geography, "bioregion" in biogeography, etc. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. (Most uses will be uppercase.) (There is a lot of leniency on whether to capitalize "The." Few would argue that the region is called "The North" as . If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the southern winds then southern should be lowercase. Thor and Norway are capitalized because they are proper nouns. Is this correct. Capitalization Do not capitalize federal, state, department, division, board, program, section, unit, etc., unless the word is part of a formal name. For example: But when the terms are used to indicate a region, they are capitalized for example, the "West Coast". Except for Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Ohio, Texas, and Utah, the name of a city and state should be abbreviated when they are used together. As an Amazon Associate, CapitalizeMyTitle.com earns from qualifying purchases. Are you supposed to capitalize north south east and west? U.S. Hi, Lynne. This seems a difficult case; as this discussion at. And "north" in that sentence refers to a direction (i.e., where you turned), not the place (i.e., Bolton Avenue). Southern, according to a co-author, should not be capitalized because it is an adjective rather than a noun. So you would only capitalize federal when you use it in the name of a federal agency, an act, or some other proper noun. In general, lowercase north, south, northeast, northern, etc., when they indicate compass direction. When the word state forms the full name of a specific body, you must also capitalize it. The mines are in the plateaus western region. Consistency is the most important thing, though, so you should be fine as long as the form chosen is clear and you use it each time. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Western States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the western winds then western should be lowercase. When words like northern, southern, eastern, or western precede a place name, they aren't usually capitalized because they only indicate a general location within a region. Broadly speaking, a region is an area that's divided by: Geographic regions are usually depicted by their not-so-clearly defined, and at times transitory boundaries. Note that it doesn't seem to be treated as a compound proper noun (e.g., searching for "Southeastern Albania" produces an error since Ngrams is case sensitive and there don't seem to be any instances of that capitalization in the Google Books database). Capitalize such words as northern, southern, eastern, and western when they refer to the people in a region or to their political, social, or cultural activities. Why distinguishes money from other assets in the economy. Federal or federal? The image of a Southern belle is often characterized by fashion elements such as a hoop skirt, a corset, pantalettes, a wide-brimmed straw hat, and gloves. I have published a variety of other capitalization posts related to time periods, geographic features, people, and product names. In all cases, though, you should: Check your style guide (if applicable) for advice on specific terms. You should capitalize the words East Coast when referring to a specific region, such as Im traveling to the East Coast, because East Coast is a proper noun in this case. Each morning, the sun rises in the east . CMOS recognizes that common usage and context determine conventional approaches to capitalization in connection with the treatment of certain terms related to regions. Clearly, LA, OC, and SD are part of Southern California, but there are a lot of other places that are located in southern California that are not located in Southern California, such as Palm Springs, Salton Sea, Joshua Tree, Blythe, etc. But southerner and northerner are capitalized when they refer to people on either side of the civil war in the United States: We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The names of things are known as common nouns. In other words, when the word "region" is a part of a name or is being specific in its meaning, the word is capitalized. You should only capitalize directions, such as north, south, east, and west, when you are referring to the direction as a proper noun, such as in the South or up North. If you are merely referring to a direction, such as go south on I-90, then you should keep the direction lowercase. Most style guides recommend capitalizing "West Coast" when referring to the western seaboard of the U.S. hi, should i capitalize 'west' in 'west Africa' or 'north' in north Africa'? Of course, they should be capitalized at the start of sentences and in titles, as they are with other nouns. English Language & Usage Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for linguists, etymologists, and serious English language enthusiasts. However, they should be capitalized only in such contexts; names of compass points in sentences such as "I drove southeast for several hours" or "Have you been to any of the southwestern states?" are not capitalized. Capitalize a persons title when it precedes the name. Therefore, use "Black" and "White" instead of "black" and "white" (do not use colors to refer to other human groups; doing so is considered pejorative). However, when the terms southerner and northerner refer to people on either side of the United States civil war, the civil war was fought between Southerners and Northerners. When people form a group and give it a name, it should be capitalized. When we write the days of the week, we always use a capital letter. September 18, 2013, at 9:56 pm. Is "Southern California" considered a proper noun? It's similar to why your name is always capitalized. in the southwestern part an eastward direction These words usually do get capitalized when they describe a region of the world or of a country, but there are some exceptions. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. 3. Best Book Writing Software and Book Writing Apps, Cursive Text Generator , Buscador de palabras y descifrador de palabras. "The State Finance Department," for example, is a good example. Guidance to capitalize proper nouns in APA Style. Consult your dictionary if your preferred style guide doesnt address this issue. The following formal names of specific degrees should always be capitalized in AP style: As you can see, master's degrees are capitalized when abbreviated. What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. You should only capitalize directions, such as south, when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as "in the South." If you are merely referring to a direction, such as "go south on I-90," then you should keep south lowercase. Lowercase to when it functions in an infinitive. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Others may argue that the word simply denotes the direction of the region the individual lives and must not have the capital letter. 4 Is Southern California capitalized AP style? If you are merely referring to a . Capitalize regional terms when they refer to a commonly accepted proper name of an area. If youre referring to a specific location, such as the western winds, western should be lowercase. I don't think there's an established norm for identifying regions of Albania in English (although you might get a different answer if you asked an Albanian, I suppose), but looking at Google Ngrams, "southeastern Albania" seems to be the most common option: https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=southeast+Albania%2Csoutheastern+Albania%2Csouth-east+Albania%2Csouth-eastern+Albania&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=26&smoothing=3&direct_url=t1%3B%2Csoutheast%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csoutheastern%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csouth%20-%20east%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csouth%20-%20eastern%20Albania%3B%2Cc0 Don't capitalize these words when they refer to the general location, geography or climate of a region. editing, By attaching itself to a common object, the language or country name takes on a new meaning. This is the sentence that is capitalized correctly. However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? capitalization, maps, writing tips. Capitalizing "North," "South," "East," and "West" when they're part of a proper noun (i.e., the name of a specific geographical region or culture). Capitalize the first word of a document and the first word after a period.



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